{"id":7713,"date":"2019-04-24T11:54:44","date_gmt":"2019-04-24T08:54:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dijitaltopuklar.com\/?p=7713"},"modified":"2019-04-24T11:54:44","modified_gmt":"2019-04-24T08:54:44","slug":"dogumun-dogasini-hatirlatan-ebe-ina-may-gaskin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/2019\/04\/dogumun-dogasini-hatirlatan-ebe-ina-may-gaskin\/","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011fumun do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatan ebe: Ina May Gaskin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kale Grubu sponsorlu\u011funda haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0130lham Veren Topuklar k\u00f6\u015femizde bu hafta d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00fcnl\u00fc ebesi var: Ina May Gaskin.<\/em><\/h3>\n

Ebelik, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski mesleklerinden biri. Do\u011fum yapan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu her yerde, her zaman, do\u011fumlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan bilge ebeler de vard\u0131. Ancak ne olduysa, do\u011fum da erkek egemen sistem taraf\u0131ndan \u2018kontrol alt\u0131na\u2019 al\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ve modern do\u011fum anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile birlikte ebeli\u011fin \u00f6nemi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ina May Gaskin, bu de\u011fi\u015fime ba\u015fkald\u0131ran ve do\u011fumun geleneksel bilgeli\u011fini ya\u015fatan kad\u0131nlardan biri. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00fcnl\u00fc ebesi olarak an\u0131lan Gaskin, modern, bilimsel geli\u015fmelerle geleneksel ebelik bilgeli\u011fini harmanlayarak y\u0131llard\u0131r hamilelik, do\u011fum ve emzirme alan\u0131nda hizmet veriyor. Yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaplar ve hi\u00e7 bitmeyen enerjisi ile d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde d\u00fczenledi\u011fi etkinliklere yeti\u015fiyor, her kesimden kad\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131yor ve sahip oldu\u011fu bilgeli\u011fi payla\u015farak hem ebelere ve sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na, hem de ebeveynlere ve t\u00fcm kad\u0131nlara ilham oluyor.<\/p>\n

Ina May Gaskin kimdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ina May Gaskin, 8 Mart 1940 tarihinde Iowa\/ABD\u2019de d\u00fcnyaya geldi. E\u011fitimini Iowa Eyalet \u00dcniversitesi ve Kuzey Illinois \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde tamamlad\u0131. \u0130lk \u00e7ocu\u011funu 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnyaya getirdi ve pek de ho\u015f olmayan ilk do\u011fum tecr\u00fcbesi, onu bu alandaki uygulamalar\u0131 sorgulamaya y\u00f6neltti. O y\u0131llarda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanan forseps (bebe\u011fi d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ka\u015f\u0131k benzeri medikal bir alet), zor do\u011fumlar\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in icat edilmi\u015f olsa da gereksiz kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a travmatik deneyimlere yol a\u00e7abiliyordu. Gaskin de bu deneyiminden sonra, do\u011fumun do\u011fal ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu do\u011fal s\u00fcrece nas\u0131l en do\u011fru \u015fekilde destek olunabilece\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ina May\u2019in e\u015fi Stephen Gaskin, 1970\u2019lerde \u2018hippi gurusu\u2019<\/em> olarak bilinen \u00fcnl\u00fc bir liderdi. ABD\u2019de yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan sava\u015f kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 hareket ile birlikte k\u0131rsalda bir araya gelmeye ba\u015flayan hippiler i\u00e7in, Hindistan\u2019dan aktar\u0131lan spitir\u00fcelizm de olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fclerdi. Stephen Gaskin, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fehirleri dola\u015farak konu\u015fmalar yapard\u0131 ve ciddi bir hayran kitlesi vard\u0131. Bu turlardan birinde Ina May Gaskin, ilk ebelik tecr\u00fcbesini ya\u015fad\u0131. Tur otob\u00fcs\u00fcnde do\u011fum yapan bir kad\u0131n, Ina May\u2019in do\u011fumunda e\u015flik etti\u011fi ilk kad\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1971 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ina May ve e\u015fi Stephen Gaskin, Tennessee\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir arazi sat\u0131n ald\u0131lar ve burada \u201cThe Farm\u201d (\u00c7iftlik) ad\u0131yla bir kom\u00fcn ya\u015fam \u00e7iftli\u011fi kuruldu. Gen\u00e7lerin ve uzmanlar\u0131n bir arada ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kollektif \u00fcretim yap\u0131lan The Farm, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra \u201cThe Farm Midwifery Center<\/a>\u201d\u0131 (\u00c7iftlik Ebelik Merkezi\u2019ni) de b\u00fcnyesine dahil etti. Burada uzman hekimler, ebeler ve ebelik \u00f6\u011frenmek isteyenler bir araya geldi, ayn\u0131 zamanda do\u011fal ortamda do\u011fum yapmak isteyen aileler de The Farm\u2019\u0131 tercih etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Ina May ve Stephen Gaskin<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The Farm\u2019da 3000\u2019den fazla do\u011fum ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti ve yaln\u0131zca 50 do\u011fumda sezaryen ameliyat\u0131na gerek duyuldu. Y\u0131llar boyunca Ina May Gaskin, burada do\u011furan kad\u0131nlara destek olmaya ve ebelik bilgeli\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek isteyenlere e\u011fitimler vermeye devam etti.<\/p>\n

Bir ebeden t\u0131p d\u00fcnyas\u0131na katk\u0131: Gaskin Manevras\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lerleyen y\u0131llarda Ina May Gaskin, \u00e7iftlikteki do\u011fum tecr\u00fcbelerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde de etkinliklere kat\u0131l\u0131p ebelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak ufkunu geni\u015fletti. 1976 y\u0131l\u0131nda Guatemala\u2019da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada, buradaki geleneksel ebelerden baz\u0131 \u00f6zel teknikler \u00f6\u011frendi. \u00d6zellikle omuz distosisi olarak bilinen do\u011fumda bebe\u011fin ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra omzunun tak\u0131lmas\u0131 durumu i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir manevra \u00f6\u011frendi ve bunu geli\u015ftirdi. \u0130lerleyen y\u0131llarda olduk\u00e7a ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu metodla ilgili makaleler yay\u0131nlad\u0131 ve tekni\u011fi \u00f6\u011fretmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Gaskin Manevras\u0131<\/strong> olarak an\u0131lan bu y\u00f6ntem, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir ebenin ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan ilk obstetrik prosed\u00fcr olarak da tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

Ina May Gaskin, do\u011fumun medikalle\u015fmesi ile ilgili pek \u00e7ok konuyu g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fi yaz\u0131lar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere, 2000\u2019den fazla makale yay\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk kitab\u0131 \u201cBabies, Breastfeeding & Bonding\u201d (Bebekler, Emzirme ve Ba\u011flanma) yay\u0131mland\u0131. 2002\u2019de yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cSpiritual Midwifery\u201d (Spirit\u00fcel Ebelik), Ina May\u2019in y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ebelik deneyimini spirit\u00fcel bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla aktararak ebelik alan\u0131nda adeta devrim say\u0131ld\u0131. Ertesi y\u0131l yay\u0131nlanan \u201cIna May\u2019s Guide to Childbirth\u201d (Ina May\u2019in Do\u011fum Rehberi), T\u00fcrk\u00e7e de dahil olmak \u00fczere pek \u00e7ok dile \u00e7evrildi. 2009\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan kitab\u0131 \u201cIna May\u2019s Guide to Breastfeeding\u201d (Ina May\u2019in Emzirme Rehberi), yine do\u011fal yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n emzirme ve anne-bebek ba\u011flanmas\u0131na etkilerini anlatarak en iyi emzirme kitaplar\u0131 aras\u0131na girdi. 2010\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan \u201cBirth Matters: A Midwife\u2019s Manifesta\u201d ise do\u011fumun politik yan\u0131n\u0131 ele alarak neden t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ilgilendiren \u00f6nemli bir mesele oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen bir eser.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ebelere rehberlik eden bir ebe<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hamilelik ve do\u011fum, kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in tamamen do\u011fal fizyolojik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerdir ancak elbette bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde baz\u0131 sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmak olas\u0131d\u0131r. Modern t\u0131p, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilecek olas\u0131 sorunlara biraz fazla odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in olsa gerek, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n do\u011fum yapabilme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok olu\u015fabilecek sorunlara odaklanarak do\u011fumu korku verici \u2018medikal\u2019 bir olay haline getirdi. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde do\u011fumun medikalize edilmesi, elbette ila\u00e7 \u015firketlerinin ve sigorta piyasas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fine gelecekti. Bir yanda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kad\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fum yaparken ihtiya\u00e7 duyaca\u011f\u0131 \u015feyleri hesaplarken biraz a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya ka\u00e7an bir sistem, bir yandan da bu hesaplamadan karl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u015firketler varken do\u011fumun do\u011fall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak git gide zorla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ina May Gaskin, May\u0131s 2015\u2019te bir sempozyumda konu\u015fmac\u0131 olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye geldi\u011finde, Habert\u00fcrk\u2019ten Damla \u00c7eliktaban\u2019a verdi\u011fi r\u00f6portajda<\/a> bu konuya de\u011finmi\u015fti: \u201c1830\u2019larda Amerikal\u0131 bir jinekolog \u2018Tek yapman\u0131z gereken kad\u0131nlar\u0131 korkutmak; sonra her \u015fey bizim elimize ge\u00e7ecek\u2019 demi\u015fti, i\u015fte bunu ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Amerika yanl\u0131\u015f yolu izledi, T\u00fcrkiye ve bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke de Amerika\u2019n\u0131n izinden gitti. B\u00f6ylece do\u011fum sisteminizi, do\u011fumun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir korku oldu\u011fu \u00fclkeden ald\u0131n\u0131z. T\u00fcrkiye sadece 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6ne sapt\u0131, yolunu de\u011fi\u015ftirip geldi\u011fi yeri hat\u0131rlayabilir.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ina May Gaskin, sadece do\u011fumlara e\u015flik etmekle kalm\u0131yor, d\u00fcnyadaki do\u011fum alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirip o eski ve k\u0131ymetli bilgeli\u011fi yeniden hat\u0131rlatmaya u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yor. E\u011fitim sistemindeki a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcp 1982 y\u0131l\u0131nda ebelik prati\u011fi ve e\u011fitimi ile ilgili y\u00fcksek standartlar belirlemek maksad\u0131yla Midwife Alliance of North America\u2019n\u0131n (MANA) kurucu \u00fcyelerinden biri oldu.<\/p>\n

MANA daha sonra Midwifery Education and Accreditation Council (MEAC) ve North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) kurulu\u015flar\u0131na da \u00f6nayak oldu ve hepsi, Amerika\u2019daki ebelerin e\u011fitiminin iyile\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kurumlar haline geldi. ABD\u2019deki eyaletlerin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131nda, bu kurumlar sayesinde bir\u00e7ok yasa kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn, do\u011furan kad\u0131n\u0131n merkeze al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fcnyaya gelen her can\u0131n nazik\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131lanabilece\u011finin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu kabul eden bir do\u011fum anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden Ina May Gaskin sayesinde binlerce kad\u0131n, onun d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fanan (veya ya\u015fat\u0131lan!) travmalardan uzak bir do\u011fum yapabilme \u015fans\u0131na sahip oldu. Unutulan bir bilgeli\u011fi hat\u0131rlatan, ya\u015fam\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 an\u0131 g\u00fczelle\u015ftirerek d\u00fcnyay\u0131 g\u00fczelle\u015ftiren bu enerji dolu kad\u0131n sadece sa\u011fl\u0131k profesyonelleri i\u00e7in de\u011fil, t\u00fcm insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in bir ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmaya devam edecek.<\/p>\n

\u2666<\/p>\n

Bu web sitesinin i\u00e7eri\u011finin sorumlulu\u011fu tamam\u0131yla Dijital Topuklar’a aittir ve sponsorun\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini yans\u0131tmamaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kale Grubu sponsorlu\u011funda haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0130lham Veren Topuklar k\u00f6\u015femizde bu hafta d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00fcnl\u00fc ebesi var: Ina May Gaskin. Ebelik, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski mesleklerinden biri. Do\u011fum yapan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu her yerde, her zaman, do\u011fumlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan bilge ebeler de vard\u0131. Ancak ne olduysa, do\u011fum da erkek egemen sistem taraf\u0131ndan \u2018kontrol alt\u0131na\u2019 al\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ve modern do\u011fum […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7714,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[22,41],"tags":[263,264,276,409,414,469],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7713"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7713"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7713\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7713"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perihanciragoz.com\/dijitaltopuklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}